THE Pentagon admitted yesterday that it had mistakenly shipped four triggers for inter-continental nuclear missiles to Taiwan, an island with which communist China maintains a state of war.
Officials said the components had since been returned to the US but added that they had began a full investigation into the incident, which occurred two years ago.
The shipment did not include nuclear materials, but the error is particularly sensitive because China vehemently opposes US arms sales to Taiwan.
Four of the cone-shaped fuses were shipped to Taiwanese officials in late 2006 instead of the helicopter batteries they had ordered.
Despite quarterly checks of the inventory, defence officials said they never knew the fuses were gone.
Only after months of discussions with Taiwan about the missing batteries did the Pentagon finally realise, late last week, the gravity of what had happened.
The blunder represents the second embarrassing misplacement of nuclear-related equipment to come to light in recent months.
Last year, the military lost track of nuclear warheads for several hours after an air force bomber was incorrectly armed with them - and then flew over the length of the US before the error was discovered.
Ryan Henry, a senior adviser to Defence Secretary Robert Gates, said: "It was not crystal clear exactly what happened.
"I cannot emphasise forcefully enough how strong the secretary feels about this matter and how disconcerting it is to him."
He added that in an organisation the size of the Defence Department there would be mistakes, but "they cannot be tolerated in the arena in strategic systems, whether they are nuclear or only associated equipment, as was in this case."
The Pentagon has ordered the navy and air force to make an inventory of all nuclear and nuclear-associated equipment.
An examination of the site in Taiwan where the components had been stored indicated they had not been tampered with.
Mr Henry said the triggers were "quite dated" as part of the Minuteman strategic nuclear missile system designed in the 1960s.
Air Force Secretary Michael Wynne insisted the items "could not be construed as being nuclear material".
"It is a component for the fuse in the nose cone for a nuclear system."
But he added: "We are very concerned about it."
Chinese officials, who have been informed of the incident, did not immediately respond to requests for a comment. A Taiwan official said the island's diplomats in Washington typically did not comment on Defence Department matters.
Taiwan, which split from China amid civil war in 1949, is the most sensitive issue in US-China relations. Chinese officials have repeatedly complained about US arms sales to Taiwan during recent meetings with Mr Gates.
The US insists it provides only weapons that would allow Taiwan to defend itself.
Although Washington no longer formally recognises the island's independence, it continues to provide the bedrock of Taiwan's military defence against a possible Chinese attack.